Friday, April 30, 2010

Concrete and Steel VS Wood

As an answer to Annoms Question: which material is better for the environment: concrete and steel or wood.
I did some life cycle analysis (LCA) calculations, and this is my starting point:
building life time: 35 years
Materials calculated with their Maintenance cycles (from the gain (start) to the use of the material to the demolition of it (recycled or ends as waste).
I calculated the hidden milieu costs, these costs are the prices you pay to remediate the milieu problems. This way you get one number out of the 14 milieu effects.
I compared a beam that can strain 6 meter with 14 KN/m pressure. ( for 100 pieces).
Steal beam: HEA 280
Milieucosts: 220
To make steel fire proof it need a fireproof painting, otherwise the construction can bend when its get to warm. This painting i didn't calculated because its not always needed.
After steal is used we calculate with a change of 20% recycling.
Wooden beam (with FSC mark)700x280mm
Milieucosts: 107
This wood is from a Forrest with a good forest maintenance.
Every 5 year a painting and fixing.
When a wooden construction gets burned it creates a charred bit from around 20 mm, this char protects against fire so the construction doesn't need fire protection.
The wooden beam has some thermal treatment so it protects against the weather, and it makes it stronger.
After the 35 year we calculate with a 100% waste
Wooden beam (without FSC mark) 700x280mm
Mileucosts: 250
This wood is from a heist cut.
Concrete beam 400x200mm
Mileucosts: 160
Concrete beam with steel reinforcement, the concrete is made for 40% out of recycled old concrete.
Concrete construction are well protected against fire.
The bad thing about concrete is that's heavy so the building gets heavier and you need more concrete to hold its own weight.
After the 35 years we calculate with a 10% recycling.
S0 the wood with the FSC mark gets the lowest milieucosts, the most milieu effects come from the diverence in young trees and old trees (CO2 decrease). The transport is also a milieu effect. because we calculate with a mix of origin (countries from around the world). If you decide to get the wood from a forest close to the building location the milieu costs would get lower.
What we don't calculate are the milieu costs to build the factory, tractor etc. This is a discussion on my work how we going to calculate these things as well. Once these are implemented, steel and concrete will have more milieu costs added.
Wooden construction for a fabric hall.

Thursday, April 29, 2010

Oops

Wednesday, April 28, 2010

Germany's First Offshore Wind Farm

These things are huge with a rotor diameter of 126 m and a hub height of 92 m. The project cost €250 million and delivers 60MW. This sounds really expensive and results in a capital cost of €4167/kW, but surprisingly this doesn't compare too badly to some recent nuclear projects estimated between $3376/kW to $8071/kW. However China is currently planning it's future nuclear plants will produce at $1000/kW which is very favorable. These are only capital cost and I don't know how much the upkeep of offshore windmills or nuclear costs. And of course this doesn't factor in the intermittent power produced by wind, which would need expensive storage systems to be able to provide base-load power. At least they are impressive to look at. On the factor of safety windmills aren't as benign as is sometimes assumed, resulting in 66 worker fatalities since the 70s. Other fun things that can happen to windmills are: 172 instances of blade failure Pieces of blade are documented as travelling up to 1300 meters. In Germany, blade pieces have gone through the roofs and walls of nearby buildings. (Video) 139 fire incidents 84 instances of structural failure 30 incidents of ice throw, travelling up to 140m

World's largest private yacht

The yacht — the fourth in Abramovich’s private fleet — drips luxury. It boasts two helipads, two swimming pools — the larger of which doubles up as a dance floor when drained — and 6ft-wide home cinema screens in all 24 guest cabins. In a move that could eventually be copied by all discerning billionaires, Abramovich has installed an anti-paparazzi shield on his newest vessel, the world’s biggest and most expensive private yacht. The high-tech system on Eclipse, a mega-yacht measuring up to 557ft, relies on lasers to block any digital camera lenses nearby. More @ Times

Tuesday, April 27, 2010

Run, Mr. Wiggles. Run.

Watch on Vimeo for HD. Highly recommended.

Monday, April 26, 2010

De gemiste kansen van het WK hoofdstadion

The missed changes of the World CUP stadion in Johannesburg South Afrika.
Het nieuwe hoofd stadion van de wereld cup 2010 staat in Johannesburg South Afrika. Hier worden zowel de openingswedstrijd, wedstrijden van het Nederlandse elftal en de finale gespeeld. Het gebouw is gebouwd door de nederlandse BAM in samenwerking met de Afrikaanse aannemers grinaker / LTA en heeft de bijster creative naam: Soccer City.
Doordat tegenwoordig alles onder het kopje duurzaam verkocht moet worden kon de bam natuurlijk niet achter blijven. Zo zijn de stoelen in het stadion UV-resistent en brandwerend!!!1!. Heeft de BAM een klein schooltje en fabriekje bij het stadium opgezet, om de Afrikanen te leren hoe ze beton moeten blubberen. Dit weerhoud de weldoeners van de BAM niet om te blijven herhalen dat je voor het zelfde product 5x meer afrikanen nodig hebt dan dat je in Nederland nodig zou hebben.
Het schooltje en de fabriek hebben ze daar neer gezet onder het mom we moeten die afrikaantjes wat leren, maar ik voel aan mijn klote dat het hier gewoon gaat om de goedkoopste oplossing gaat . De staalskeletconstructie wordt namelijk uit Italy geïmporteerd waar hij 1:1 is proef geassembleerd, zodat de Afrikanen hier niks aan konden verknollen. Ook al de hijskranen en groot materieel komen uit de rest van de wereld en gaan daar waarschijnlijk ook weer naar toe terug. De overige materialen komen uit de rest van de wereld: gevelpanelen (oostenrijk) (dakbedekking (Duitsland/Thailand) stoelen (china). Niks geen typische Afrikaanse producten die worden gebruikt.
Over duurzaamheid gesproken zijn staal en beton een van de meest milieubelastende constructie materialen. Zoals het de BAM beaamd zijn ze hier niet zuinig mee omgesprongen, er is in totaal 90.000 m3 beton geblubberd en 7100 ton staal gebruikt. Ik weet dat de constructieve en brandwerende eigenschappen van deze materialen ideaal zijn voor een stadium, maar als je het stadium als duurzaam verkoopt en hierbij geen aandacht besteed aan het materiaal gebruik dan vind ik dat een beetje laf.
Hier een snelle Levens Cyclus Analyse van het beton en staal dat gebruikt is in het stadium.
Emissies:
Broeikaseffect 2516782,0 kg CO2 eq.
Ozonlaagaantasting 0,3638 kg CFC-11 eq.
Humane toxiciteit 221448,2 kg 1.4-DB eq.
Aquatische toxiciteit (zoet water) 22323,9 kg 1.4-DB eq.
Terrestische toxiciteit 3927,0 kg 1.4-DB eq.
Fotochemische oxidantvorming 705,2 kg C2H4 eq.
Verzuring 10421,6 kg SO2 eq.
Eutrofiering 1197,5 kg PO4 eq.
Liefkozend wordt het door de Afrikanen: de melting pot of African culters genoemd. Persoonlijk vind ik het meer lijken op een pot met diarree, maar over smaak valt niet te twisten. Waar ik wel trots op ben is dat de FIFA in de trucjes en leuke verkoop praatjes van onze enige echte BAM trapt, zo hoeven we het WK niet eens te winnen om een trotse Nederlander te mogen zijn.

Pathfinder Example

Ever wondered how your troops, tanks or heroes find their way on the map of a RTS game? Or why they get stuck or change their direction every move? I did and decided to find out and program a pathfinder myself. I implemented the A* pathfinding algorithm. My implementation is not very efficient (I know how to make it more efficient), but does work. It's not very special and something most n00b programmers have probably done, but I want to share it anyway as it gives a more satisfactory ending to my little Sunday afternoon project. I also want to know if it runs on other computers, so it would be cool if some of you could try it. No need to install anything (at least, that's what I hope), just unzip and run the exe. I can't compile it for OSX, because I need a Mac for that.
Controls: 
q = quit
r = reset/restart
space = start/pause path finding
left mouse = add water/wall
right mouse = remove water/wall
Settings: Edit settings.txt

Download: 
PathFinder for Windows XP/Vista/7
PathFinder for Ubuntu x86 (Linux binary)